Citrullus colocynthis

Citrullus colocynthis

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Cucurbitales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Cladus: Core eudicots Cladus: Rosids Cladus: Eurosids I Ordo: Cucurbitales

Familia: Cucurbitaceae
Tribus: Benincaseae
Genus: Citrullus
Species: Citrullus colocynthis

Name

Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad., 1838.

Synonyms

• Basionym
  • Cucumis colocynthis L., Sp. pl. 2:1011 (1753).

• Heterotypic
  • Citrullus colocynthis subsp. insipidus (Pang.) Fursa, Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 57(1): 39 (1972).
  • Citrullus colocynthis subsp. stenotomus (Pang.) Fursa, Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 57(1): 39 (1972).
  • Citrullus colocynthis var. insipidus Pang., Trudy Prikl. Bot. 23(3): 73 (1930).
  • Citrullus colocynthis var. stenotomus Pang., Trudy Prikl. Bot. 23(3): 72 (1930).
  • Citrullus colocynthoides Pang., Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc., Biol. n. s., l. Livr. 5-6, 81 (1946).
  • Citrullus pseudocolocynthis (Wender.) M.Roem., Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 2: 50 (1846).
  • Citrullus vulgaris var. colocynthoides Schweinf.
  • Colocynthis officinalis Schrad., Linnaea 12: 421 (1838).
  • Colocynthis vulgaris Schrad., Ind. Sem. Hort. Acad. Goetting (1833):2 (1833).
  • Cucumis pseudocolocynthis Wender., Linnaea, 10: Litt. 77 (1836).

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Continental: Africa NW-Sahara, S-Sahara, S-Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, Libya, Turkey (SSW-Anatolia), Rhodos, Cyprus (C-Mountains, N-Cyprus, W-Cyprus), Egypt (Desert Oases, Eastern Desert, Great Southwestern Desert, NE-Egypt, Nile Delta, Nile Valley, NW-coastal Egypt, SE-Egypt), Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Palma Isl.), Cape Verde Isl. (Santo Antao Isl., Sao Vicente Isl., Santa Luzia Isl., Ilha de Sao Nicolau, Sal Isl., Ilha da Boa Vista, Ilha de Maio, Ilha de Sao Tiago, Fogo Isl., Ilha Brava), Western Sahara, Mauritania, Mali, Niger, Chad, Sudan, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Somalia, NE-Kenya, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Socotra, Benin, Madagascar Continental: Asia-Temperate Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran, S-Iran, W-Iran), Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia, S-Iraq, W-Iraq: Desert), Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, Negev Desert, N-Israel), Jordania (S-Jordania), Lebanon (coastal W-Lebanon), Saudi Arabia (C-Saudi Arabia, NE-Saudi Arabia, N-Saudi Arabia, Nafud Desert, Hejaz, Rub al Khali, Asir, Nejd Desert), Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, N-Sinai, S-Sinai), Syria (coastal W-Syria, W-Syrian Mountains), United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Yemen (Aden Desert, N-Inner Yemen, SE-Yemen: coastal Hadhramaut, SW-Yemen, Tihama, W-Yemen), Afghanistan (Farah, Helmand, Kunar / Nuristan, Laghman, Nangarhar, Nimroz), Armenia, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Continental: Asia-Tropical Pakistan (Sind, Baluchistan, Waziristan, N.W.Frontier Prov., Pakistani Punjab), Jammu & Kashmir (Kashmir), India, Sri Lanka, Vietnam, Myanmar [Burma], Nepal, Maldives, Bangladesh References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

Primary references

• Schrader, H.A. 1838. Linnaea 12:414.

Links

• Hassler, M. 2019. Citrullus colocynthis. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2019. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2019 Dec 22. Reference page. 
• International Plant Names Index. 2019. Citrullus colocynthis. Published online. Accessed: Dec 22 2019.
• Govaerts, R. et al. 2019. Citrullus colocynthis in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2019 Dec 22. Reference page. 
• Tropicos.org 2019. Citrullus colocynthis. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 21 Dec 2019.
• USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Citrullus colocynthis in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 10 February 2009.

Vernacular names

অসমীয়া: কোৱাভাতুৰি
বাংলা: রাখাল শসা
čeština: kolokvinta obecná
Deutsch: Koloquinte
English: Bitter Apple
suomi: Kolokvintti
français: Coloquinte
हिन्दी: इंद्रायन
magyar: Sártök
italiano: Coloquintide
Nederlands: bitterappel, kolokwint
தமிழ்: பேய்க்குமட்டி
Türkçe: Ebucehil karpuzu

For more multimedia, look at Citrullus colocynthis on Wikimedia Commons.