Guazuma ulmifolia

Taxonavigation edit

Taxonavigation: Malvales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Cladus: Core eudicots Cladus: Rosids Cladus: Eurosids II Ordo: Malvales

Familia: Malvaceae
Subfamilia: Byttnerioideae
Tribus: Theobromateae
Genus: Guazuma
Species: Guazuma ulmifolia

Name edit

Guazuma ulmifolia Lam., 1789

Synonyms edit

Homotypic
- Bubroma ulmifolia (Lam.) Oken in Allg. Naturgesch. 3(2): 1204 (1841)
- Guazuma guazuma (L.) Cockerell in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 19: 95 (1892), not validly publ.
- Guazuma guazuma var. ulmifolia (Lam.) Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 24 (1898)
- Theobroma guazuma L. in Sp. Pl.: 782 (1753)
Heterotypic
- Bubroma guasuma Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 3: 1423 (1802)
- Bubroma polybotryum (Cav.) Willd. in Enum. Pl.: 806 (1809)
- Bubroma tomentosum (Kunth) Spreng. in Syst. Veg., ed. 16. 3: 332 (1826)
- Diuroglossum rufescens Turcz. in Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 25(II): 157 (1852)
- Guazuma blumei G.Don in Gen. Hist. 1: 523 (1831)
- Guazuma burbroma Tussac in Fl. Antill. 4: 69 (1827)
- Guazuma coriacea Rusby in Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 4: 332 (1907)
- Guazuma guazuma var. tomentosa (Kunth) Kuntze in Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 24 (1898)
- Guazuma parvifolia A.Rich. in R.de la Sagra, Hist. Fis. Cuba, Bot. 10: 190 (1845), nom. nud.
- Guazuma polybotrya Cav. in Icon. 3: 51 (1795)
- Guazuma tomentosa Kunth in F.W.H.von Humboldt, A.J.A.Bonpland & C.S.Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. 5: 32 (1821)
- Guazuma tomentosa var. cumanensis G.Don in Gen. Hist. 1: 523 (1831)
- Guazuma tomentosa var. monpoxensis G.Don in Gen. Hist. 1: 523 (1831)
- Guazuma tomentosa var. parvifolia Kitan. in Fitologiya 11: 48 (1979)
- Guazuma ulmifolia var. glabra K.Schum. in C.F.P.von Martius & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Bras. 12(3): 81 (1886)
- Guazuma ulmifolia var. tomentosa (Kunth) K.Schum. in C.F.P.von Martius & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Bras. 12(3): 81 (1886)
- Guazuma ulmifolia var. trianae K.Schum. in C.F.P.von Martius & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Bras. 12(3): 82 (1886)
- Guazuma ulmifolia var. velutina K.Schum. in C.F.P.von Martius & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Bras. 12(3): 81 (1886)
- Guazuma utilis Poepp. in E.F.Poeppig & S.L.Endlicher, Nov. Gen. Sp. Pl. 3: 72 (1845)
- Theobroma celtifolium Salisb. in Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 387 (1796)
- Theobroma tomentosum (Kunth) M.Gómez in Anales Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 19: 217 (1890)

Distribution edit

Native distribution areas:

Continental: Southern America
- Regional: Southern South America
  - Argentina Northeast, Paraguay
- Regional: Central America
  - Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panamá
- Regional: Western South America
  - Bolivia, Ecuador, Galápagos, Peru
- Regional: Brazil
  - Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central
- Regional: Caribbean
  - Cayman Is., Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Leeward Is., Puerto Rico, Southwest Caribbean, Trinidad-Tobago, Venezuelan Antilles, Windward Is.
- Regional: Northern South America
  - Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela
Continental: Southern America
- Regional: Northern South America
  - Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest
- Introduced into:
  - India, Mauritius, Pakistan, Réunion, Sri Lanka, Vietnam

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2^nd Edition

References edit

Primary references edit

Lamarck, J.-B. 1789–1792 [1789]. Encyclopédie Méthodique. Botanique. Tome 3. viii + 759 pp. Panckoucke, Paris; Plomteux, Liége. BHL Reference page. : 3: 52.

Additional references edit

Govaerts, R.H.A. 2003. World Checklist of Selected Plant Families Database in ACCESS: 1-216203. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. [unavailable for the public] Reference page.

Links edit

Govaerts, R. et al. 2023. Guazuma ulmifolia in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2023 September 13. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2023. Guazuma ulmifolia. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2023. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2023 September 13. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2023. Guazuma ulmifolia. Published online. Accessed: September 13 2023.
Tropicos.org 2023. Guazuma ulmifolia. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 13 September 2023.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Guazuma ulmifolia in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service.

Vernacular names edit

English: West Indian Elm
தமிழ்: உத்திராக்சம்

For more multimedia, look at Guazuma ulmifolia on Wikimedia Commons.